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https://hdl.handle.net/123456789/1547| Τύπος: | Άρθρο σε επιστημονικό περιοδικό |
| Τίτλος: | Online chemical characterization and sources of submicron aerosol in the major mediterranean port city of Piraeus, Greece |
| Συγγραφέας: | [EL] Σταυρούλας, Ιάσωνας[EN] Stavroulas, Iasonas [EL] Γρίβας, Γεώργιος[EN] Grivas, Georgios [EL] Λιακάκου, Ελένη[EN] Liakakou, Eleni [EL] Καλκαβούρας, Παναγιώτης[EN] Kalkavouras, Panagiotis [EL] Μπουγιατιώτη, Αικατερίνη[EN] Bougatioti, Aikaterini [EL] Κασκαούτης, Δημήτριος[EN] Kaskaoutis, Dimitrios [EL] Λιάνου, Μαρία[EN] Lianou, Maria [EL] Παπουτσιδάκη, Κυριακή[EN] Papoutsidaki, Kyriaki [EL] Τσαγκαράκη, Μαρία[EN] Tsagkaraki, Maria [EL] Ζαρμπάς, Παύλος[EN] Zarmpas, Pavlos [EL] Γερασόπουλος, Ευάγγελος[EN] Gerasopoulos, Evangelos [EL] Μιχαλόπουλος, Νικόλαος[EN] Mihalopoulos, Nikolaos |
| Ημερομηνία: | 16/12/2021 |
| Περίληψη: | Port cities are affected by a wide array of emissions, including those from the shipping, road transport, and residential sectors; therefore, the characterization and apportionment of such sources in a high temporal resolution is crucial. This study presents measurements of fine aerosol chemical composition in Piraeus, one of the largest European ports, during two monthly periods (winter vs. summer) in 2018–2019, using online instrumentation (Aerosol Chemical Speciation Monitor—ACSM, 7-λ aethalometer). PMF source apportionment was performed on the ACSM mass spectra to quantify organic aerosol (OA) components, while equivalent black carbon (BC) was decomposed to its fossil fuel combustion and biomass burning (BB) fractions. The combined traffic, shipping and, especially, residential emissions led to considerably elevated submicron aerosol levels (22.8 μg m−3) in winter, which frequently became episodic late at night under stagnant conditions. Carbonaceous compounds comprised the major portion of this submicron aerosol in winter, with mean OA and BC contributions of 61% (13.9 μg m−3) and 16% (3.7 μg m−3), respectively. The contribution of BB to BC concentrations was considerable and spatially uniform. OA related to BB emissions (fresh and processed) and hydrocarbon-like OA (from vehicular traffic and port-related fossil fuel emissions including shipping) accounted for 37% and 30% of OA, respectively. In summer, the average PM1 concentration was significantly lower (14.8 μg m−3) and less variable, especially for the components associated with secondary aerosols (such as OA and sulfate). The effect of the port sector was evident in summer and maintained BC concentrations at high levels (2.8 μg m−3), despite the absence of BB and improved atmospheric dispersion. Oxygenated components yielded over 70% of OA in summer, with the more oxidized secondary component of regional origin being dominant (41%) despite the intensity of local sources, in the Piraeus environment. In general, with respect to local sources that can be the target of mitigation policies, this work highlights the importance of port-related activities but also reveals the extensive wintertime impact of residential wood burning. While a separation of the BB source is feasible, more research is needed on how to disentangle the short-term effects of different fossil-fuel combustion sources. |
| Γλώσσα: | Αγγλικά |
| Σελίδες: | 28 |
| DOI: | 10.3390/atmos12121686 |
| EISSN: | 2073-4433 |
| Θεματική κατηγορία: | [EL] Μετεωρολογία και Επιστήμες της ατμόσφαιρας[EN] Meteorology and Atmospheric Sciences |
| Λέξεις-κλειδιά: | Athens; harbor; shipping emissions; PM1; chemical speciation; organic aerosol; black carbon; ACSM; aethalometer; PMF |
| Κάτοχος πνευματικών δικαιωμάτων: | © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. |
| Όροι και προϋποθέσεις δικαιωμάτων: | This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
| Ηλεκτρονική διεύθυνση του τεκμηρίου στον εκδότη: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/12/12/1686 |
| Ηλεκτρονική διεύθυνση περιοδικού: | https://www.mdpi.com/journal/atmosphere |
| Τίτλος πηγής δημοσίευσης: | Atmosphere |
| Τεύχος: | 12 |
| Τόμος: | 12 |
| Σελίδες τεκμηρίου (στην πηγή): | Article no 1686 |
| Σημειώσεις: | This research is co-financed by Greece and the European Union (European Social Fund-ESF) through the Operational Program “Human Resources Development, Education and Lifelong Learning 2014–2020” in the context of the project “Long-term characterization, in high temporal resolution, of the chemical composition and sources of the atmospheric aerosol over the greater Athens area” (MIS 5047322). |
| Εμφανίζεται στις συλλογές: | Ερευνητικές ομάδες |
Αρχεία σε αυτό το τεκμήριο:
| Αρχείο | Περιγραφή | Σελίδες | Μέγεθος | Μορφότυπος | Έκδοση | Άδεια | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| atmosphere-12-01686 (1).pdf | Article | 28 σελίδες | 2.18 MB | Adobe PDF | Δημοσιευμένη/του Εκδότη |  | Δείτε/ανοίξτε |